![water water](https://grade8science.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/6.2.3-2.jpg)
The volumetric temperature expansion coefficient, β for water is 0.NIST standard pressure is (101.325 kPa or 14.696 psi or 1 atm).NIST Standard temperature is (20 C or 293.15 K or 68 F).β is the volumetric temperature expansion coefficient, β for water is 0.0002 / C°.ρ is the density of water at a specific temperature.The formula for the density of water based on temperature is: However, this can be automatically converted to compatible units via the pull-down menu. ( β) Volumetric Expansion Coefficient (default: 0.0002 / C° for water)ĭensity of Water (ρ): The calculator returns the density in kilograms per cubic meters.INSTRUCTIONS: Choose units and enter the following: Data 11 (1): 15–81.The Density of Water by Temperature calculator computes the density of water as a function of temperature, using the standard density of water (ρ) at standard temperature and pressure, and the unique temperature expansion coefficient of water. Volumetric Properties of Aqueous Sodium Chloride Solutions. Reservoir-Fluid Property Correlations-State of the Art (includes associated papers 2354 ). The Properties of Petroleum Fluids, second edition. Paper presented at the 1948 SPE Annual Meeting, Dallas, 4–6 October. The Solubility of Natural Gas in Oil-Field Brines. New York: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co. for Testing and Materials, Part 31-Water, Section VII, Philadelphia. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, American Soc. ↑ Saline and Brackish Waters, Sea Waters and Brines.1 by the brine FVF at the reservoir temperature and pressure of interest. Then, density at reservoir conditions is calculated by dividing the density in Eq. Where density is in lbm/ft 3, and S is salinity in weight percent. The metric units can be changed to customary units (lbm/ft 3) by multiplying by 62.37.Īnother approach to calculating water density is to first calculate the density of formation water at standard conditions with McCain’s correlation. They can be added directly because the metric units are referred to the common density base of water (1 g/cm 3). The density of formation water (g/cm 3) at reservoir conditions is the sum of the values read from Figs.Currently, the most common procedure is the use of CTD (conductivity, temperature. Density calculations are essential to study stratification, circulation patterns, internal wave formation and other aspects of hydrodynamics in lakes and reservoirs. These curves were computed from data given by Ashby and Hawkins. A practical approach to lake water density from electrical conductivity and temperature. For oil reservoirs below the bubblepoint, the "saturated-with-gas" curves should be used for water considered to have no solution gas, the "no-gas-in-solution" curves should be used. 3 to find the increase in specific gravity (density) when compressed to reservoir pressure. Knowing the density at atmospheric pressure and reservoir temperature, use Fig.Assuming the equivalent weight percent NaCl remains constant, extrapolate the weight percent to reservoir temperature and read the new density.With the temperature and density at atmospheric pressure, obtain the equivalent weight percent NaCl from Fig.The density of formation water at reservoir conditions can be calculated in four steps. The salt content can be estimated from the formation resistivity, as measured from electric-log measurements. The only field datum necessary is the density at standard conditions, which can be obtained from the salt content by use of Fig. When laboratory data or actual water samples are unavailable, the density of formation water at reservoir conditions can be estimated roughly (usually to within +/−10%) from correlations ( Figs. Experimental verification of the computer predictions should be performed in cases in which any error could have significant impact. Alternatively, some modern multicomponent chemical equilibrium simulators accurately calculate the densities (and other physical properties) from the complete analysis of the waters within the temperature and pressure range of the thermodynamic database.
![water water](https://pediaa.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/pond-vs-lake-300x209.jpg)
Thus, water samples taken for providing input to these programs must have accurate densities determined experimentally. However, process simulation software used in modern facility design uses the true density or specific gravity of the water to avoid significant cumulative errors, especially when working with low-gravity heavy oils or concentrated brines. In the past, density in metric units (g/cm 3) was considered equal to specific gravity therefore, for most engineering calculations, density and specific gravity were interchangeable in most of the older designs.